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Blood feeding behaviour comparison and contribution of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, two sibling species living in sympatry, to malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga region, northern Benin, West Africa

  • 5135 Words
  • 0 Figure(s)
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  • No Clinical trial(s)

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Journal Scope

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58.6%

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Plagiarism

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Ethics

Technical Checks

  • Abstract provided, structured, 408 words

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  • 3 references provided, numeric style, 2 are >10 years old

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Summary

Background The main goal of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour and the contribution Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, 2 sibling species of An. Methods The study was carried out in 6 districts of 2 regions of Benin (Alibori and Donga). In the study area (Alibori and Donga region, in the northern Benin) targeted for IRS campaign, where the 2 species are sympatric, the recorded data will be used as the comparison basis of the impact of IRS on each of the 2 Anopheles populations. The objective of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour and the contribution in malaria transmission of each of the 2 sibling species (An. gambiae, two sibling vector species living in sympatry in the study area and which were likely exposed to the same selection pressure for resistance. But, a good impact on malaria control in Alibori and Donga is expected if pirimiphos methyl (organophosphate) is used again for IRS in Benin as in previous years, because of the very low level of the ace-1 mutation in both species. Coluzzii is characterized by lower frequencies of the ace-1 mutation.

Concepts

Anopheles coluzzii Anopheles gambiae malaria sympatry

Paper Summary 5 Statements

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The following summary has been generated for the manuscript

Background The main goal of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour and the contribution Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, 2 sibling species of An.

In the study area (Alibori and Donga region, in the northern Benin) targeted for IRS campaign, where the 2 species are sympatric, the recorded data will be used as the comparison basis of the impact of IRS on each of the 2 Anopheles populations.

The objective of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour and the contribution in malaria transmission of each of the 2 sibling species (An. gambiae, two sibling vector species living in sympatry in the study area and which were likely exposed to the same selection pressure for resistance.

But, a good impact on malaria control in Alibori and Donga is expected if pirimiphos methyl (organophosphate) is used again for IRS in Benin as in previous years, because of the very low level of the ace-1 mutation in both species.

Coluzzii is characterized by lower frequencies of the ace-1 mutation.

Concepts 4 Concepts

Concepts are topics or associations between topics and actions that represent the content of your paper. For example, for a paper discussing the effect of good parenting on academic performance in children, concepts could be "good parenting", "children", "academic performance".

The following concepts have been identified in the manuscript

  • Anopheles coluzzii
  • Anopheles gambiae
  • malaria
  • sympatry

Keywords Pass

Summary gives you a condensed representation of the manuscript content so you can quickly understand the premise, the methods, the major results, and the conclusions without having to read the entire paper.

The following keywords were identified in your paper.

  • anopheles coluzzii
  • anopheles gambiae
  • sporozoite index
  • entomological inoculation rate

You may consider using the following keywords.

  • sympatry
  • Anopheles MeSH
  • malaria
  • blood feeding behaviour

Journal Scope Pass

An academic manuscript must fit the domain and scope of the target journal. Not meeting this essential condition can lead to rejection without peer review. Journal Scope’s matching algorithm and NLP techniques inform you whether your manuscript falls within the scope of the journal you have selected. It also recommends other journals which match your manuscript.

58.6%

Your manuscript (Life Science domain) matches the scope of Parasites & Vectors with a 58.6% similarity.

Your manuscript may match the scope of the following journal

  • Alternative Journal Score
  • Malaria Journal 97.77

Language Pass

Writing Quality

We have checked your manuscript for grammar and language errors and have provided suggestions on how to correct them. Your manuscript requires some improvement in grammar and language.

58.6%

Possible grammar

82

Possible Spelling Errors

0

Possible Enhancements

3

The main goal of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour behavior and the contribution contribution Anopheles of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, 2 sibling species of An.

coluzzii is potentially a more important malaria vector because of high its high density in the region.

Detailed information on bio-ecology of vectors and their role in disease transmission are important for implementation the implementation of good vector control strategies or for their evaluation.

coluzzii was not higher outdoors than indoors in both the rainy rainy and dry seasons, which suggests an important role for ITNs in the effort to prevent malaria.

As the ma parameter depends on the season, the EIR due to each species was assessed for the dry season when ma is was expected to be low and for the rainy season when ma is was expected to be high.

coluzzii accounts accounted for 85.6% of malaria transmission during the dry season (EIR = 1.61 infected bite per man per month) compared to 14.3% (EIR = 0.27/month).

coluzzii in Alibori could favour favor the impact of ITNs and result in better control of malaria in Alibori compared to with to Donga.

coluzzii was still playing play the leading role in Alibori whereas , whereas, in Donga, this role is reversed with a stronger participation of An.

The main goal of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour behavior and the contribution contribution Anopheles of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, 2 sibling species of An.

pgambiae s.l. have shown statistical differences of sporozoite index between different populations sibling of sibling species of the complex [9, 10]).

pcoluzzi: 9.5%, 35 out of of 369) (p = 1) (Table 1).

Abdomens from females women of the vector species were used for PCR analyses analyzes, to to identify the sibling species of An.

This study received the approval of the Ethical Institutional Committee of the Centre Center for Entomological Research of Cotonou (CREC), Ministry of Health.

gambiae (9.3%: 5 out of 54 thoraxes thomases were CS+) and An.

Blood feeding behaviour behavior comparison and contribution of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, two sibling species living in sympatry, to malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga region regions, northern Benin, West Africa

The anthropophagic index represents the proportion of blood meals derived from humans by mosquito vectors used to estimate human biting habit habits.

gambiae in the dry season may be due to temporary a temporary breeding sites that dry up, in addition to the presence of permanent and semi-permanent breeding sites more favourable favorable to the development of An.

In addition, the Donga region is characterized by a clayey type soil, which retains water, allowing then the the formation of numerous temporary breeding sites favourable favorable to the emergence of An.

Akogbéto,1,2 Albert Sourou Salako,corresponding Salako, corresponding author1,2 Fortuné Dagnon,3 Rock Aïkpon,1,4 Michelle Kouletio,3 Arthur Sovi,5 and Michel Sezonlin2

After 10 min, all of the fallen mosquitoes were collected from the floor and placed in petri Petri dishes.

gambiae complex play plays a role, albeit a lesser role, in malaria transmission, for example, Anopheles melas in West Africa [6–8].

coluzzii coming from permanent and semi-permanent breeding sites continues continue to play the a major role in malaria transmission during the rainy season in this region.

However the , the analysis indicates a seasonal difference in the contribution of each species to malaria transmission associated with shifts in resting behaviour behavior.

In both regions the , the major economic activity is agriculture, including the production of cotton, maize and millet, where various classes of pesticides are used for pest control.

The study is also evaluating, before before spraying, the frequency of mutations associated with organophosphates resistance in An.

Abdomens from females women of the vector species were used for PCR analyses analyzes, to to identify the sibling species of An.

However, in the Donga region, inverted results were observed observed, showing a higher EIR due to An.

Despite similarity in some parameters related to malaria transmission in both surveyed species, An.

Comment: Possible vague word: Academic writing must be as specific as possible. Words like 'some' do not show specific information. They need to be supported by additional details. Since 'some' is used to describe 'parameters', check if you can add data or numbers, cite studies or articles, or give examples in the context of 'some parameters'. This will make your meaning clear and leave little room for reader misinterpretation or confusion.

arabiensis in the study area could be due to the exophilic and zoophilic behaviour behavior of this species and to its gradual disappearance in some environments in West Africa [4, 16], particularly in northern Benin [6].

Comment: Possible vague word: Academic writing must be as specific as possible. Words like 'some' do not show specific information. They need to be supported by additional details. Since 'some' is used to describe 'environments', check if you can add data or numbers, cite studies or articles, or give examples in the context of 'some environments'. This will make your meaning clear and leave little room for reader misinterpretation or confusion.

Inclusive Language

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Your paper does not contain words that could be considered insensitive or offensive.

Word Count Reduction

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Original Word count

5135

Possible words reduced

73 (1.42%)

Final word count

5062

The study was carried out conducted in 6 districts of 2 regions of Benin (Alibori and Donga).

Human landing catches (HLC) performed inside and outside of the households and pyrethrum spray captures capture (PSC) carried out conducted in bedrooms were used to sample vector populations (An.

HLC carried out conducted indoors and outdoors from 21.00 to 06.00 h and PSC performed inside houses from 06.00 to 09.00 were used to sample vector populations during the rainy (June–October 2016) and dry (November–May 2016) seasons in the 6 districts targeted for IRS implementation.

AS, and, ASS and RA carried out conducted the experiments.

coluzzii as well as and, a non-pronounced outdoor biting behavior in both species.

gambiae) present and living in sympatry in 2 regions of Benin, targeted for indoor residual spraying (IRS) on malaria transmission prior to before the implementation of IRS.

Plagiarism

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Ethical Compliance 3 out of 5 checks passed

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Ethics Statement

Your manuscript has the following statement(s) on ethical standards/protocols.

  • The protocol of this study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of CREC (IECC).
  • Ethics approval and consent to participate

Financial Disclosure

Your manuscript has the following statement(s) on disclosures.

  • This study was financially supported by the US President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) thru the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project (AIRS) Project.

Conflict of Interest

Your manuscript has the following conflict of interest statement(s).

  • Competing interests
  • The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Data Availability

No data availability statements were detected. Some journals mandate such disclosure. Ensure Compliance with journal requirement.

Technical Compliance 5 out of 8 checks passed

Manuscript Overview

Title: Blood feeding behaviour comparison and contribution of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, two sibling species living in sympatry, to malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga region, northern Benin, West Africa

  • Word: 30
  • Characters: 188

    Your title is longer than 20 words. Please check the journal requirements.

  • Total Word Count: 5135

    Your manuscript (excluding references) is longer than 5000 words. Please check the journal requirements.

Authorship

Authorship declarations include author name, affiliation, correspondence, and contribution details. These disclosures help readers identify the researcher group behind the study, their contact details, and the contribution of each researcher to the study.

The following author name(s) were identified

  • Martin Akogbéto
  • Albert Sourou Salako
  • Fortuné Dagnon
  • Rock Aïkpon
  • Michelle Kouletio
  • Arthur Sovi
  • Michel Sezonlin

No affiliations were identified

No correspondence were identified

The following author contribution statement was found

  • Authors’ contributions

Abstract

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A structured abstract of 408 words was found

  • Background The main goal of this study was to assess the blood feeding behaviour and the contribution Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae, 2 sibling species of An. gambiae sensu stricto. present and living in sympatry in 2 regions of northern Benin targeted for indoor residual spraying (IRS). Methods The study was carried out in 6 districts of 2 regions of Benin (Alibori and Donga). Human landing catches (HLC) performed inside and outside of the households and pyrethrum spray captures (PSC) carried out in bedrooms were used to sample vector populations (An. gambiae and An. coluzzii). Collected mosquitoes were analysed to estimate the human biting rate indoors and outdoors, the circumsporozoite antigen positivity, and the anthropophagic index using ELISA methodology. Polymerase chain reaction was used to estimate the frequency of the knockdown resistance (kdr) L1014F and the ace-1 mutations, 2 markers associated respectively with pyrethroids and carbamate/organophosphate insecticide resistance. Results A higher blood feeding rate was observed in An. gambiae compared to An. coluzzii as well as, a non-pronounced outdoor biting behavior in both species. The latter showed similar anthropophagic and sporozoite rates. However the analysis indicates a seasonal difference in the contribution of each species to malaria transmission associated with shifts in resting behaviour. Anopheles coluzzii females accounted for most of the detected infections: 86% in Alibori and 79% in Donga, during the dry season versus 14.4% and 21.2%, respectively for An. gambiae during the same period. This relationship was reversed in Donga during the rainy season (66% for An. gambiae against 34% for An. coluzzii). Results also indicated lower frequencies of kdr L1014F and ace-1 in An. coluzzii versus An. gambiae. Conclusion Despite similarity in some parameters related to malaria transmission in both surveyed species, An. coluzzii is potentially a more important malaria vector because of high density in the region. It is also characterized by lower frequencies of the ace-1 mutation than is An. gambiae. The ongoing use of pirimiphos methyl (organophosphate) for IRS should continue to show a good impact in Alibori and Donga because of the very low level of the ace-1 mutation in both species.

Manuscript Body

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The following sections were found. Make sure this is according to journal requirements.

  • Background
  • Study area
  • Mosquito sampling and laboratory analysis
  • Human landing catches (HLC) and mosquito analysis
  • Statistical analyses
  • Ethical consideration
  • Results
  • References

References

The bibliography or the references section should contain details of all the works referred to in your paper. This is necessary for appropriate crediting of other authors' work that you have used

The following references have been cited. Check whether each reference meets the style requirement of the journal

  • 1. Coetzee M, Hunt H, Wilkerson R, Della Tore A, Coulibali MB, Besansky NJ. Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Zootaxa. 2013;3619:246–274. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3619.3.2. Numeric style
  • 2. Akogbéto M. Etude des aspects épidémiologiques sur la transmission du paludisme côtier lagunaire au Bénin, Afrique de l’Ouest. Thèse de doctorat ès-sciences, Université de Paris XI, Centre d’Orsay; 1992. Numeric style > 10 years old
  • 3. Awolola T, Oyewole I, Koekemoer L, Coetzee M. Identification of three members of the Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae) group and their role in malaria transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005;99:525–531. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.12.003. Numeric style >10 years old

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